The Ethical Standards of Nike Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

The Ethical Standards of Nike - screen ExampleNike has changed its course of action in recent years from sensation of sheer denial and arguments to one of policy and change. The fact that the company responded only to global media printing press and the fact that standards only changed in Indonesia because of workers strikes and consumer pressure leave something to be desired about the ethical standards of Nike. However, it is important to recognize that Nike did change, though the implementation of the 1997 policies, near ten years later, is not fully in effect.Nike should be held ethically responsible for the working conditions in foreign factories of subcontractors. In a business decision, regardless of the international boundaries, it is important to follow a received direct of ethical standards. While it is impossible to judge if Nike absolutely knew of the sub-standard conditions, it is logical to assume that Nike could not puddle ignored the possibility, regardless of the information from Mr. Young, who said that the conditions were adequate in the factories. Yet, in countries where minimum age and working condition laws are not contusive to an appropriate and healthy lifestyle, Nike, by simple association, should maintain a level of dignity for their products. However, the legalities of the situation become more intricate for Nike, being an American based business, subcontracts to (mainly) Asian factories.

High-level and Low-level Languages Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

High-level and Low-level Languages - Essay ExampleThe programing wordings that are very uniform to mould code (such as 0s and 1s) are accognitiond as low-level programming oral communications. Basically, in these languages the program operating instructions are create verbally in binary form. In addition, low-level programming languages offer the programmer a high level control over hardware however they require a deep knowledge of the internal structure of the hardware to be used. These programming languages are not normally used by the programmers because it is very difficult to learn and understand them.High-level LanguagesThe programming languages that are very similar to the human beings languages (e.g. like English language) are acknowledged as the superior languages. The examples of high-level languages are FORTRAN, COBOL, BASIC, PASCAL, C++ etcetera These languages are similar to the English language. In other words, it is relatively easy to understand the code writ ten in high level programming languages. In these languages, program instructions are written employ English words, for instance print, input, square etc. However, each high-level programming language has its own rules or grammar for writing program instructions. These rules are called syntax of the language. In addition, the program written in high-level language must be translated to machine code before they are executed on the computer. For this purpose, each high-level language has its own translator program, which converts the code of that source language into the computer understandable form. Advantages of High-Level Languages at that place are many advantages of high-level programming languages. Some of the most important advantages are outlined at a lower place (ninja craze, 2012 Lee, 2000) Easy to Learn In view of the fact that the high level programming languages are similar to human languages thus they are very easy to learn as compared to low-level languages. The inst ructions written for the program are similar to English like statements. Easy to understand The program written in high-level language by one programmer can easily be understood by another programmer or person because the program instructions are similar to the English language statements. In this way, if a software application has been developed using a high level programming language can be modified by another programmer later on. Easy to issue programs In a high-level languag

English Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

English - Research Paper vitrineThis means that if anything goes wrong, he or she carries the blame. Therefore, the HRM with the help of other managers can employ various methods as a way of optimizing the organizations profit. Such methods include yield management and taxation optimizing strategies (Grabski, 2012). For instance, yield optimisation in is a practice that uses models as a means of analyzing data and information to forecast the trump out output of the organization. Hence, the organization should be able to meet all its demands while optimizing its revenue. Second, optimization is an attempt of taking any information on the organizations operating hiccups, the market demands and also the factors influencing them as a method of getting the optimal selling prices and the optimal production of the organization goods. Last strategy is revenue optimization whereby this is a process of finding the highest possible revenue that the organization can give (Andriole, 2006). T herefore, this radical has discussed the mentioned methods and their contribution towards the rise of poor performing organizations.Grabski, S. V. (2012). Transfer pricing in complex organizations a limited review and integration of recent empirical and analytical research. In Readings in Accounting for Management Control (pp. 453-495). springer

ANALYSIS MOVIE Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

ANALYSIS - Movie Review ExampleThe cinematographer (Doug Emmett) fill the screen with strange point of views and dark gloomy shadows. The characters were seen through the doorjamb from or through the windows away the house. This touch gave the movie that perspective of a horror-movie. 91 minutes movie The One I go to sleep is a feature that is extremely confident having some fun things to talk about such as destiny and connection and also relationship and identity. Additionally, the movie is confined to a smaller location with a twilight zone up and set improvisation was used to flesh out the characters. The movie after part be said to classic in its composition, and editorial structure with only two defined characters. In terms of camerawork, the film has a limited bitrate, this left some of the scenes to be too soft, having a lesser shaky camera, but generally, the film looked good and was not distracting while watching (The One I

American Constitution Law 4 paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Ameri sewer Constitution Law 4 paper - endeavor ExampleIn his appeal the appellant argued that the state of Illinois was under a duty to provide him with a trial apprize at his expense as dictated by the Sixth and Fourteenth Amendments to the Constitution. The Illinois ordinary appellate court affirmed the conviction by the Circuit Court. The Supreme Court of the state of Illinois besides rejected the appellants argument and stated that it wasnt obligated to extend its decision in Argersinger v Hamlin (1972) to the case. Although the appellant was charged with an offense for which imprisonment was authorized upon conviction, the appellant had only been fined $50 kinda of imprisonment.Judgment the appellant further lodged his appeal in the Supreme Court of United States. In its idea the court affirmed the Supreme Court of Illinois decision that the Constitution of the United States of America did non hire the Circuit Court of Cook County to appoint a state counsel for the peti tioner (Scott).Holding (Justice Rehnquist) No The sixth and fourteenth Amendments only stipulate that no defendant can be sentenced to imprisonment unless he has been accorded the right to appointment of a counsel to defend him by the state. The appellants liberty was not at stake in this case because the state court had preferred the less severe stock-purchase warrant of imposing a fine to the severe one imprisonment so the appointment of a counsel was not necessary.Rule of law The sixth and fourteenth Amendments only stipulate that no defendant can be sentenced to imprisonment unless he has been accorded the right to appointment of a counsel to defend him by the state. hold (Justice Powell) Held that it was important for the federal Supreme Court to provide a clear guidance to the many courts in all parts of the country that confronted the problem of legal representation

Brands and branding Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Brands and branding - Essay ExampleAccording to Burberry, the founder of the partnership he said that the company was established to help the young heap realize their dreams through innovation and enmesh in creativity thus making life bearable to them. grocerying strategies used by Burberry The trade strategies of the company be focused at providing provide value to the customers through the products and the type of information concerning the products that atomic number 18 in the market. Retail trade Retail marketing has been commonly used by the company. As bingle of marketing strategies, it has the capability to make the company to be more competitive in the market. The core enormousness of using retail marketing plan is to make sure that the sales ratio of the company increases on the international front making the company to invest a lot in other marketing strategies (Clancy and Kriegafsd, 2000). When using retail marketing, the brand is recognized and established to t he market thus having a trademark that the brands are widely known for. Due to use of retailing marketing, the company is also able to venture in foreign countries like China where the company has retail shops thus making great venture to the mien brands that are in the industry. The only challenge that face the company when using the retail marketing are cheaper brands that are offered by the competitors. Customer awareness Burberry enjoys strong customer awareness, since the company brands in the past were positron emission tomography brands to Queen Elizabeth two and the Prince of Wales. Additionally, through the use of extensive advertisement, Burberry brands are used by many people and are given respect worldwide due to royal families involvement with the products. Objective as a marketing strategy in Burberry The primary aim of the company is to make sure that the brands are delineated visually to target the customers hence making sure that the customers are satisfied and t heir ideas are listened to and again implemented, tally to their wish (Philip, 2006). The customers are encour growd to be creative and if any one of them has an idea to come up with a brand that is unique in the market he or she is given the attention. This is based on the fact that the company was founded to make use of innovation and use of modern technology (Philip and Kevin, 2006). Social media The company uses Facebook and Twitter and the management post their new brand and others to social media as a method of publicizing to make sure that it effectively competes with rivals. The company introduced the use of YouTube and launched films to promote the brands (Joshi 2005). The company still opens discussion gathering which are used by the customers to make sure that their views and ideas are listened to and later implemented. Market segments in Burberry Market segmentation for Burberry is divided according to characteristic and personality aspects. For example, for the consu mers who are 18-30 years old they have a certain brand of Burberry which they use as their product of choice. The second market segment is secondary age group that includes 30-40 years old. This category has certain brands of their choice that have unique characteristics that make them to be evaluate by the secondary age group (Lenskold 2003). The third market segmentation is the families with high income and this gives them opportunity to misdirect expensive brands. The last market segment is for student and working individuals

Evaluation and Critique Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

military rank and Critique - Research Paper ExampleThe Montana edges an unidentified foreign object (UFO), which causes the submarine to croak as it malfunctions and sinks (The abyss). In the meantime, media reports attri only ife the sinking of the Montana to a Soviet attack. The US military arrives at the location above the sinking, which happens to be near communist Cuba. Other vessels arriving in the area are believed to be Soviet spies. The US military dispatches group of seal off officers to occupy an underwater exploration site with the blueprint of rescuing nuclear warheads carried by the Montana and to ensure that the ship is out of the Soviets reach. Tensions are building throughout, highlighting US-Soviet insentient War tensions, the dangers of environmental and nuclear damage as it be diminishs clear that a hurricane is fast approaching and could fire the risk of a catastrophe. All the while SEAL officers dispatched below are showing signs of the ill-effects of th e pressure associated with existence under water (The Abyss). The alien encounter is perhaps more telling as it brings the preceding themes of policy-making tensions to a head and underscores the dangers of capitalism, both of which are the hallmarks of postmodernism thought. The aliens come into contact with SEAL lieutenant and shows him video images portrayal past, present and future damages caused by mankind. The underlying message is mans greed and mismanagement have led to self-destructive behaviour. Images of tsunamis, nuclear explosions and even the Vietnam War (The Abyss). As Simpson explains, Camerons approach in The Abyss distinguishes it from other futuristic science fiction film. A majority of this genre predicts disaster at some time in the future or presents a disaster and focuses on who will come out alive. The Abyss however, draws attention to past disasters, disasters in the present and predicts disaster in the future and in doing so attributes this to mans own behaviour (Simpson). In line with postmodern thought, The Abyss focuses on post-war behaviour which has set up a series of bad and destructive behaviour fuelled by governmental tensions and capitalist greed (Forsyth). The record in The Abyss does not directly comment on capitalism, but it is inferred from the underlying political tensions and the technological progression that is a part of the destruction of the environment. The films narrative is more direct in its political commentary. The alien encounter represents a confrontation in which the SEAL lieutenant is able to see the damages caused by post-war political tensions from the perspective of an outsider. The underlying message is that this behaviour is counterproductive and will only grow worse with time and the results will be catastrophic. Postmodernism is about commandeering dictatorial change, by highlighting flawed ideology and its corresponding behaviour (Forsyth). In this regard, the alien encounter in The Abyss serves as a soul searching exercise and a moment of recognition. The underlying move for the viewer is whether or not the capitalist ideology is more sophisticated than the Communist ideology. After all, the capitalist structure shares equal responsibility for the stockpiling of nuclear weapons, and is arguably more responsible for environmental damages that contribute to and heighten the risk of natural disasters such as tsunamis and hurricanes. The postmodern message in The Abyss is therefore that the world is divided into two factions man against nature as opposed

Carefully read the monologue from Shakespeare's history play Henry V Essay

Carefully acquire the monologue from Shakespeares history play atomic number 1 V as in the excerpt provided. (Act 4, Scene 1, lines 227-28 - show ExampleHenry Vs literal skills as a attracter The study of the workings that Henry V carried out as well as the words that he uttered nurture how vital good oratory skills are when it comes to being a good attraction. In addition to the oral skills that Henry V posses we see that he posses more in terms of his leadership qualities. Some of the different positive leadership qualities that we see Henry V posses embroil the ability that many of the leaders do not have, which is the ability to socialize as well as identify with the common man as well as high levels of morality and the goal which as an over wholly combination with the determination that he posses made him one of the extensive leaders. The quality of the way that Henry presents his words is amazing, which can be largely attributed to the fact that he can change rheto ric styles to suit the climate that is in demand in terms of what the audience wants to hear to act in the ways that he wants. An example of the latter parameter includes some of the instances whereby we see that he has to persuade his men that he is one of them and that there is a ring between him and them that can scarcely exist between brothers. The use of the rhetoric styles that King Henry uses in times that his men are in the need to hear them most bring them to a mood as well as an atmosphere that brings them back to their sense of focus. To create a sort of join between him and his men, w sees that Henry comes to the use of words such as yours and our. As per the oral skills of Henry, it is intelligible that a lot of literature skills can be learned when studying the aspects as well as the words of great leaders such as Henry V (Sucher, 2007) Rhetoric skills of a leader As per the context of Shakespeare, we see that Henry has rhetorical skills that can be termed as exc ellent. Just as any leader who may be termed as great, we see that Henry v not only posses the rhetorical skills, but he also uses them in inspiring the men that are going to struggle with him before the battle. One of the things that he does before the war inspires his men to go out and fight with determination as well as passion, although they are worn out as well as wan with the odds that presented themselves being impossible in the battle of Agincourt. Despite these challenges, we see that Henry V is stillness able to uplift the moods as well as inspire the men, who are facing the challenges and odds with him (Loehlin, 2000). Henry V- A leader as a common man One of the things that made Henry V a great leader is the detail mentioned earlier about the ability of a chosen leader to be able to relate as well as be humble enough to take heed to the common citizen as well as have respect for them. All the latter mentioned capabilities are all in the possession of Henry V and he us es them well as the text show in the period of the year 1415 before the Agincourt battle. We see that Henry V takes a disguise as an indifferent soldier as he moves about in the camp in a quiet musical mode whereas giving courage to the men that were about to go to war with him. One of the things that makes Henry a great leader in contrast to many other leaders of the day then and today include the ability of being able to connect as well as exchange ideas with

Retail Industry in the UK Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

sell Industry in the UK - Essay ExampleIn the year 2010, the industry was responsible for the creation of redundant 12,750 full time jobs and the summarise weigh of jobs gaind by 2.1% in comparability with the previous year. The total number of people employed by the industry in the year 2010 was 2.9 million which roughly accounts for the 11% of the total workforce in the UK. From this fact, it can be inferred that the sell industry holds a very spectacular position in the economy of the UK. From economic activity to employment, the retail industry affects a number of factors in the economy of the UK. In 2010, there were 286,680 retail outlets in the UK and the number has grown in the year 2011. more than than a third of the total consumer spending the region goes through shops. Retail industry generates around 5% of the Gross Domestic Product of the UK. Consumers are also taking interest in shopping everywhere internet and the gross sales over internet account for around 7% of the total retail sales and the number is estimated to grow significantly.FINDINGSRetail industry is one of the strongest industries in the UK. The industry has witnessed significant growth in the recent years. Every industry is influenced by certain economic and social factors and in case of retail industry the most important economic factor is inflation. With the rise in inflation, the prices of consumer products also rise. Thus the consumers pause from buying and the boilersuit retail sales go down. Other social factors that whitethorn influence the retail industry may be the prevailing trends in clothing and the weather conditions. Such are the indicators that aid the retailers take locomote proactively in order to save themselves from any significant impact. The following review of the retail industry in the UK would also focus on the impact of such economic and social factors in the last fag end of the year 2011.... With the rise in inflation, the prices of consumer p roducts also rise. Thus the consumers refrain from buying and the general retail sales go down. Other social factors that may influence the retail industry may be the prevailing trends in clothing and the weather conditions. Such are the indicators that help the retailers take steps proactively in order to save themselves from any significant impact. The following review of the retail industry in the UK would also focus on the impact of such economic and social factors in the last quarter of the year 2011. REVIEW OF RETAIL INDUSTRY FOR THE LAST QUARTER OF 2011 The start of the last quarter of 2011 was lessen for the retail industry in the UK however the sales grew significantly towards the end of the quarter. There were a number of economic and other factors responsible for the trend of sales observed in the last quarter of 2011. star of the most important factors behind this trend of sales volume was Christmas which always impacts the retail industry positively. A boost in the i nternet sales was also witnessed in this quarter. Following is the month by month review of the retail industry in the UK for the last quarter of 2011. Retail Industry in October 2011 The overall retail sales volume increased by 0.6% in the month of October as compared to the previous month. This increase was higher than what was expected by the economists. The absence of any social factors to cause an increase in the sales volume led the economists to estimate a decline in the sales volume in comparison with the previous month but the sales volume increased. The benefit of this increase in sales was enjoyed in general by the small retailers while the large stores had to lose their overall sales

It is written in the word file that i have upload Essay

It is written in the vocalize file that i have upload - Essay ExampleIt was the notion of many individuals in the tender beings in the early years, that in order to increase the production of honey from bees one just requisite to create a conducive environment for many more beehives. In the current days, the answer of bee memory has become very complicated, a process, which entails several, processes (Perman, 2012). For better results of beekeeping, the practitioners should combine both the scientific and the scientific and practical skills to their fellowship of beekeeping. Eventually, the word apiculture describes the scientific process of beekeeping as a very comprehensive and technological enterprise. Human beings made their first hives, which varied in sizes and their main intention was to increase the production of honey. after(prenominal) they had trapped enough bees that made enough honey in the hives, such hives collected fin gallons of honey. The colonies of bees in the hives were first killed before the harvesting of honey and later removed all the honeycombs from the hives. This counseling of collection of honey shows that the peoples main interest was honey and they did not think of the consequences they overreach to the colonies of bees (Tietenberg, & Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2004). This method is unreliable since it endangers the survival of bees. Later on, in the nineteenth century, the beekeepers experimented making the beehives development wood. The beehives were made into wooden boxes and inside the boxes were plated which divided the boxes for easy addition and removal of boxes and in order to regard the activities of the bees. This method proved to work because people could do the harvesting of honey without killing the colonies of bees thus promoting the process of beekeeping (Pearce, J, & R, 2011). There are different types of honeybees. They include the European Honey Bees and the African Hone y Bees among others. The scientists deal that the African Honey Bees willing dominate and especially when the regular honeybees interbreed with the Africanized honey bees, the Africanized honeybees dominate. This shows that there is a likelihood of the Africanized honeybees to dominate and migrate to Arizona and other parts of the world. Therefore, the individuals who want to indulge into beekeeping should for good change their view on the Africanized honeybee. They should also learn the habits of bees so that they can be able to yield precautions and to be able to support their efforts of beekeeping. Bees are very important insects that human beings greatly depend on them. In order for an individual to be able to understand the threat posed by the bees, they should scratch by understanding the behaviour of the honeybees. These insects are very essential to human beings and thus their destruction will affect several activities of a human being. The honey bees aid in pollination of many crops that human beings farm and consume as food thus it is a very essential agricultural component. In any case, as long as the bee colony does not negatively affect animals and human beings, the bee colonies should succeed and grow wide (Pearce & Golen, 1984). The European honeybees differ greatly from Africanized honeybees. They may appear to look similar plainly they have very different behaviours. The Africanized honeybees have a tendency of swarming more frequently as compared to the European

Investment Fundamentals and Portfolio Management Research Paper

Investment Fundamentals and Portfolio Management - Research Paper caseThe company has registered gross profit of $24.3 billion in the fiscal 2011 that is an increase of 4.1% over previous year. That has been achieved by means of better management practices and customer focused policies (The Home Depot, Inc., 2012).A significant increase in operating(a) income at $6.7 billion has been registered compared to $5.8 billion posted in fiscal year 2010 that means an impressive 14.1% increase in operating income on yearly basis (The Home Depot, Inc., 2012).The remarkable performance has been possible done four major key initiatives focusing on customer service, increasing productivity and efficiency, innovation and portfolio scheme providing value to the customers (The Home Depot, Inc., 2012).Increasing shareholder value has been one of the major objectives of the Home Depot. Accordingly, the company resorted to buy-back its possess shares and garnered 97 million shares from the marke t amounting to $3.5 billion during the year ended January 2012. In November 2011, the company rewarded its shareholders by declaring a cash dividend of 29 cents per share, a 16% increase over previous quarter proving that the company value its shareholders (The Home Depot, Inc., 2012).As per Federal Reserve Report of June 2012, economic growth has taken a dip. gross domestic product growth rate reduced to 2% annually in the first quarter this year subsequently touching a 3% growth rate in the last quarter of 2011. Employment conditions though improved in the last quarter of 2011 and first quarter of 2012 however, it slowed down during April and May this year. The unemployment rate, a significant macroeconomic factor, was registered 8.2 percent in the second quarter of 2012. The forecast has it that the economic growth is likely to be at moderate levels in coming quarters. The depressed housing market is one of the major bottlenecks for the sparing to grow at a faster

Braided River System in South-Eastern Spain Essay

Braided River System in South-Eastern Spain - Essay ExampleLandcover is mostly low bush and grasses with or without trees (Prakash, 2005). Land usage includes agriculture (barley and others under irrigated conditions), grazing, mining (gypsum, gravel and sand) and tourism (movie-making and others) (Prakash, 2005).The gypsum karst of the Tabernas-Sorbas basin of SE Spain is a Neogene intramontane one in the Betic mountain range and is composed of significant deposits of evaporates from the Messinian period (Calaforra and Pulido-Bosch, 2003). The semi-arid environment in the field has assisted in conserving the large numbers of surface and underground gypsum karstic forms and the speleogenetic processes characteristic of much(prenominal) a role (Calaforra and Pulido-Bosch, 2003). In essence, this implies that, at least for this field psychoanalyse at the Western edge of this karstic formation, a semi-confined circumstance existed upon the gypsum strata (Calaforra and Pulido-Bosch , 2003) through which the old braided river section flowed and it is possible that only those speleogenetic processes characteristic of a karst region such as this have been influential in the accretion process of sediment evident today.In study of fluvial systems such as rivers the term braided implies a low proportion of flood-plain mudstones and a high one of sedimentary sand elements like sandstone (Adams and Bhattacharya, 2005). There is characteristic distinction which states that meandering channels have high mudstone-to-sandstone ratios and flow to have high sinuosity combined with single channel flows (Adams and Bhattacharya, 2005). In contrast, braided channels have a high sandstone-to-mudstone ratio and tend to have multiple channel flows (Adams and Bhattacharya, 2005). This distinction is blurred at propagation by continuity of variables (Adams and Bhattacharya, 2005) but, for the purpose of this field study, it is accepted that the study area comprised of a braided ch annel portion. Of steep interest to this study are the depositional and erosional patterns of the river at the meandering stage and the braided one. It has single-layered laterally accreting patterns with similar corroding ones in the meandering stage while accretional patterns in the braided stage are multi-layered and vertical (Adams and Bhattacharya, 2005). plain Work RationaleTo test whether braided stream sections have lateral and/or vertical sorting/fining tendencies. methodologySix different randomly selected channels of the known old braided river system in the Urra plain stitch Centre were chosen. From for each one channel, three samples from the left and right banks and the centre of the stream were taken. Sample bags were utilise to perk the pebbles from the sample-taking areas. A tape measure was also used to measure the channel sections. A pebble template and a grain size chart were used to size up the collected pebbles. Additionally, a camera was used to collect photos of the sample-taking areas to provide rough assessment of the pebble characteristics at each site. The pebble sizes were measured and the data tabulated as per each site characteristic. In this part of the study the data shall be analysed through multiple statistical descriptive tests such as mean

EARLY MOTIVATIONAL THEORIES Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

earliest MOTIVATIONAL THEORIES - Essay ExampleHowever, the possibility that comes closest in understanding the motivation in piece creation in every sense is Abraham Maslows theory of hierarchy of Needs. Unlike the reward-punishment and fair-unfair court of motivation theories like reinforcement theory by B.F. Skinner and equity theory by lavatory Adams respectively, the theory of hierarchy of involve takes a tender-heartedistic approach towards the motivation factor in homosexual existences. It considers human beings as humans and not machines or trainable beings who can be made to behave in certain way by giving them certain rewards in return. Hierarchy of deprivations is the most true and human theory of motivation because it not only values the physical and psychological need of human being, but also values the spiritual of necessity of human beings and hence, demonstrate that every human being has a spiritual dimension hidden in him which can be attained when his b asic needs are fulfilled. The idea of entirely being Abraham Maslow was a revolutionary psychologist. He was instrumental in delivery a totally different kind of thinking, known as the third force, in the scope of psychology. Maslow believed that religious aspects of human beings, like incorruptity and spirituality, are as much a part of human nature as science is (Goble 32). He believed that if one is to truly understand the nature of human being, consequently one should study not only the scientific aspects of his nature but also the spiritual and moral aspects (Goble 32). This belief led Abraham Maslow to develop the theory of motivation called as the hierarchy of needs. Maslows theory of human motivation is based on an understanding that human being is an integrated and organized whole being and hence, when he is prompt to do something, then his whole being gets involved in fulfilling the motivated act and not just a part of him (Goble 50). Hence, the desires and the needs that motivate human beings are connect to each other and do not function independently from each other. The more complex the need and desire is, the higher are the chances of interrelation with other needs and desires (Goble 50). Hence, human beings cannot be motivated to fulfil by rewarding (ends) their individual needs (means) (Goble 50). An individual cannot be motivated to act unless all his interrelate needs are fulfilled. Hence, Maslow based his theory of motivation on the basis of the understanding that human being gets highly motivated only when he realizes that the needs of his whole being are getting fulfilled. Hierarchy of needs Maslow has classified human needs into following five categories 1. Physiological Needs According to Maslow, the physiologic needs of food, liquid, shelter, sex, sleep and oxygen are the most powerful needs of human being as his physical survival depends on these needs (Goble 50). Once these needs are sufficiently satisfied, then the borderin g category of needs emerge in the nature of the human beings. 2. The Safety Needs The safety needs of human beings are fulfilled when they experience security, consistency, fairness and routine at home and at schooltime/work (Goble 54). When a person is denied of safety needs, he becomes neurotic and his need for order and control becomes a matter of life and death (Goble 54). This leads him to develop compulsive and neurotic attitude towards safety needs. When the safety needs are unfulfilled, then people get

HPV critical Analysis Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

HPV critical summary - Article Exampleto establish and collect non only this data, but also to provide a baseline estimate to measure the wide-scale impact of the current HPV vaccine on reducing infection, as come up as providing models with a baseline on cost-effectiveness of distributing said vaccine.Were these seven colleagues qualified to do so? and then they were, by virtue of profession and training. As listed in the article, six out of the seven that conducted the study not only held the title of Ph.D. or M.D., but also were employed by the Centers for Disease Control and taproom (CDC), which not only supported their work but also conducted the larger survey of which the study was a part of, the National Health and Nutrition Survey (NAHANES). All seven worked together to gather, collate, and sort the data, with Dr. Eileen F. Dunne fetching the lead role, as well as responsibility for the data that supported their conclusions.Dr. Dunne and her colleagues made no claims s omewhat the HPV virus, though they did claim that baseline data would be effective in measuring the prevalence of the disease. Their important concern was that such data did not exist, and therefore in the future there would be nought to measure the actual reduction of the HPV virus in women against, had they been given the vaccine.To conduct the study, Dr. Dunne and her colleagues used a phonation sample of women aged 14-59 that were taking part in the NHANES survey. The women self-reported their race and ethnicity via questionnaires as well as providing a cervical swab. Out of 2482 females that took part in the study, 2387 were examined in a mobile examination center and asked to self-collect a sample via swab, which was then submitted for analysis. HPV detection, as well as typing, was then performed, and the results analyzed. Out of the 2387 females, 466 were considered nonresponders, due to the fact that they both submitted an inadequate swab specimen, or did not submit a s pecimen at all. The assorted types

The Changing of American Workplace Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

The Changing of American Workplace - engagement ExampleThe Changing of American WorkplaceThere atomic number 18 various factors which may affect the oeuvre and seduceing put offment in a radical manner. One of the cardinal factors is balancing family and work manners. balancing family and work life signifies that an individual should be engaged as well as satisfied with his or her responsibilities in sexual intercourse to work life and family life. Employees argon required to develop a sense of balance amid work life and their personal life so that they are able to perform their activities in a relaxed demeanor with zeal and dedication. Furthermore, the instability in personal and overlord life has been affecting the working environment as well as personal life. It has been ascertained that there lays numerous factors such as workload pressure, demographic changes in relation to dual-income family and the sandwich generation and changes in workforce composition which dram atically influence twain personal as well as professional life. This paper intends to discuss the various factors in relation to work-life balance which are accountable for affecting environment and study environment. Additionally, the discussion will also stress on asserting certain recommendations towards facilitating social as well as economic benefits. Work-life balance plays an important role in the life of every individual. Moreover, this aspect is also seemed to be adversely affecting the workplace and working environment. There are few major components on which the balances for work and life are dependent. These components are as follows Time Balance An individual is required to devote equal time for personal and professional life. In this respect, time should be managed in an effective manner with the objective of creating a better balance amid work and life so that an individual is able to play his or her role proficiently. Time is to be managed in a flexible way so th at individuals are capable to co-ordinate their activities efficiently (European part for Safety and Health at Work, 2013). Involvement Balance Individuals are required to be involved psychologically in both family life as well as work life. In this regard, individuals should be mentally involved with activities in order to accomplish the required objectives successfully. Subsequently, employees with better psychological involvement are probably to deliver or execute their activities in accordance with the objectives and goals of an organization (European Agency for Safety and Health at Work, 2013). Satisfaction Balance Individuals are required to have a balance in their satisfaction direct both in their roles as well as activities which are performed in their professional and personal life. The enchant balance in their professional as well as personal life, employees will attain change magnitude level of satisfaction from their work and personal life accomplishments (European Agency for Safety and Health at Work, 2013). These are the three major components which are essential for employees in order to manage and balance their work as well as personal life. On the basis of these three elements a work-life balance can be ascertained. The working environment and workplace are significantly influenced with certain social changes. The social changes are the major factors which are accountable for an increased concern in relation to balancing professional and personal life in an effective manner. The ultimate factor which is primarily accountable for the social changes in the working environ

Planning to Work Efficiently Essay Example for Free

Planning to Work Efficiently EssayThis practise is concerned with the way that you invent give out for your police squad. You should * Identify the targets set for your team, including the indicators that will be used to nib these targets * Identify which, if some(prenominal), of these targets is related to efficiency and/or effectiveness * Use ace protrudening technique to plan a job activity in your workplace and explain how you would monitor the planned job activity. * apologise why the return chain is so important in drop by the waysideing results and meeting your customer requirements. Mike PevittBolton College bearing statementBolton College works with a wide range of public and private empyrean brasss, including the Bolton Family of public sector organisations, to meet the education and training need of Bolton, its geographical, cultural and business communities. The College seeks to contribute to the education and training needs of the region and sub-region and, in relation to some niche markets, it will play a national and transnational role. We will support social and economic regeneration and contribute to measurable business success and familiarity cohesion through the provision of flexible, innovative and responsive high quality training opportunities, working in partnerships with employers, local communities, key agencies and training providers.We will create a high quality accomplishment organisation which captures outstanding practice including a culture of continuous improvement, by providing inspirational, cutting edge t each(prenominal)ing and larn which is responsive to the needs, interests and experience of all learners and leads to success. We will widen participation and increase access to lifelong reading opportunities in education and training at a variety of locations and assist all our learners to reach and tap their full potential and progress in their learning and employment. Key performance indicators for t he college and subdivision are retention, consummation and success of the students, Functional skills feeds into all of these targets for the college as a whole and now in addition individual department who use the services of thefunctional skills area. The current targets are set out below Ret Ach advantageUnder19Long 1 89% 93% 83%Long 2 89% 93% 83%Long 3 87% 93% 81%The above targets are set for all teams at bottom the college, this course the Functional Skills team have similar targets with the added support from other college departments to encourage qualifying students to attend, write in code and work towards passing their Functional Skills exam in Maths and English at the appropriate aim for that student ranging from Entry Level 1 to Level 2. The aim of the Scheme of work is to modify the military issue to be taught in a logical planned manner, to make the lessons interesting for both the student and the subscriber and to ensure that the correct resources in place t o aid teaching and learning. The synopsis of work will also assist in the retention of students on the programme by also allowing them access to their planned year of study and regular assessment to measure growth and learning. So it is essential that as a team we can plan the scheme of work and lesson plans together and allocate various duties to members to gather resources or seek new resources and report back to the rest of the team at regular monthly meetings.PlanningAt the start of the college year the Functional Skills team will met before the start of the first term to plan the forthcoming years scheme of work and effective lesson plans that all members can follow and be able to deliver the same programme to all learners whatever department they are in or their ability. The growth involves the gathering of resources and planning a logical scheme of work which follows a dedicated learning process to enable the team and most importantly its students to achieve at their give n ability level. This process can be perfectively demonstrated in the following Gantt chart.Development of Functional Skills maths staff scheme of work and lesson plans.The scheme of work is developed with regards the college targets and the Ofsted new inspection Framework standards so that we can deliver a well-balanced logical course to the college students to enable them to progress to their ability level and obtain the qualification. all targets set are SMART -S specific, significant, stretchingM measurable, meaningful, motivationalA agreed upon, attainable, achievable, acceptable, action-orientedR realistic, relevant, reasonable, rewarding, results-orientedT time-based, timely, tangible, track ableA goal would be to hold a weekly jump out meeting with the key members of the functional skills team or to organise and run a continuous streamlet programme throughout the completion of the general scheme of work. Weekly meetings are monitored and progress is measured against each member of the teams possess target areas. The team leader will also monitor on a daily basis using email to ensure that the members are on track and are non falling behind on what they have to do, The scheme of work has to be completed to enable the college supply chain to be maintained for other departments who use the functional skills team to deliver at least two hours a week of functional skills maths to those departments learners at the appropriate level.The general scheme of work and lesson plans will enable the other staff members to step in if a colleague is off for any reason they will know exactly what lesson should be delivered that week because they will be delivering thesame one to their usual classes. This means that the learner does not miss out on their lessons and will also enable them to achieve, this will also impact on that department as functional skills now forms part of their own performance criteria so a seamless delivery can only assist in the attainm ent of the department success.

The outbreak of war in Europe in 1914 was due to an aggressive German foreign policy which had been waged since c.1900 Essay Example for Free

The come out of the closetbreak of fight in Europe in 1914 was due to an militant German foreign policy which had been waged since c.1900 EssayHow far do you agree with this opinion? Explain your outcome using the evidence in Sources V, W and X and your own know takege of the issues relating to the controversy.Its baffling whether Germanys foreign policy shitd long boundary tension which led to the outbreak of World War 1 in 1914. The argument commonly raised is whether this movement was aggressive or defensive and how this stemmed from c.1900. Berghahns representation argues that it was both domestic and foreign policies which led to contend however not from as azoic as c. 1900. Blackburns representation counters this and states it was in situation international tensions prior to c.1900 which created the contend despite the fact it states their actions were defensive. Lastly Moses representation suggests it was not just Germany to blame and Austria were withal partly responsible. Berghahns argument is the strongest as it has a clear argument and both supports and challenges the claim. Overall its clear the outbreak of the war was caused by Germanys aggressive foreign policy in the long term since c.1900.The strongest representation agrees with the given narrative in that the aggressive foreign policy was responsible. Blackbourn states that long term intrusion since the 1890s did lead to the war, and that the full admiral Tirpitz built the battle fleet, purposely aimed at the British suggesting an aggressive attitude. In 1898 a new naval law proceeded done Flottenpolitik by Tirpitz suggesting a larger navy is necessary to defend and prevent war with opposing fleets. This competition with Britain continued and in 1906 the naval race reached a new level when the British created the HMS Dreadnaught, a new battleship which carried 10, 12 inch guns. This suggests long term international tension created with the naval race which stemmed prior to 1900, agreeing with the statement. Secondly Berghahn states that the Army Bill of 1913, had unleashed yet an separate study conflict, another aggressive move imposed by the Germans.The Army Bill was created from the Balkans War of 1912 when the Germans aimed to emergence troops by 170,000 and although the French and Russians also improved their troops by increasing the length of absolute service the entente powers were also rapidly developing. This supports Blackbourns representation through the long term assault methods originally developed to protect themselves, which could be seen either aggressively or defensively. However by 1913 it was patent a war was near which indicates an aggressive devise to defend. Lastly Moses representation suggests that Germany planned to unleash a war only a month previous to the Sarajevo murder.This overall indicates only to a short term planned aggression which both agrees and challenges the claim. The Schlieffen plan supports this subject, acting as the first aggressive move contend by the Germans in 1914. This attempted to remove France before Russia mobilises to promote help Germany when the war proceeded. Moses representation supports the idea of an aggressive German foreign policy however only from a much shorter time scale.To summarize Blackbourns idea of long term aggression is the strongest representation out of the three, due to support from other sources as well as further evidence. Another viewpoint is that of Berghahns, which suggests that Germany used the escape forwards plan as a way of solving all domestic issues and thus being able to take apart foreign issues too. The diplomatic isolation of Germany which started in 1904 had worsened the generals could only think of further rearmaments expenditure as a remedy. Germany had many domestic problems which led to them being divided both politically and socially. Unemployment was gamy in Germany at this point and the industrial revolution also meant tha t strikes were occurring often. And in 1912 election the SPD challenged the Elites, which led to further division within society.These domestic issues involved over time which suggests that Germany were looking for a way out of their isolation, however it challenges the claim as this result wasnt intentionally violent. Moses representation counters this as he states it was more than so international tensions which caused the controversy , the shorter time period mentioned of summer 1914 also suggests that the domestic reasons had little or no involvement behind the planning as they had stemmed prior to this.The weakening of the Triple bond certificate supports this and shows the tension amongst Austria /Hungary and Germany. Blackbourns representation agrees with Berghahns and states that they would have preferred to get what they wanted without war and also that Tirpitz professed peaceful intentions regarding the battle fleet. This suggests all aggressive actions were completed i n a defensive manner in order to protect and maintain Germany. Blackbourn agrees that all Germany wanted was peace however the only way they managed this was through war. Overall its clear that part of Germanys intentions were for resolving domestic problems however its debatable that this wasnt the primary reason for Germanys outbreak of war in 1914. The final viewpoint of Moses suggests that it was the aim of other powers and primarily Austria and Hungary.The friction between the two allies persisted during the entire war and flared up both time there was a military crisis Immediately before the war the heir to the Austrian flowerpot Franz Ferdinand was shot by a member of the Serbian Black Hand gang, this conflict between Austria and Serbia change magnitude when several ultimatums issued by Austria were declined. This assassination in Sarajevo was the breaking point and the last stage before war broke out. Berghahn agrees and suggests that Germany felt isolated and encircled and that the weakening of the position of the Dual Alliance caused another major(ip) conflict. The friction initiated from the feud in the Balkans which challenges the claim as this occurred only in 1912. However the alliance between Germany and Austria was created in 1879. The Balkans war caused a lot of new conflict and increased old friction, emphasising the time for war was near.This suggests that it was Germanys aggressive foreign policy which led to the war, scarce also the role of international aggression too. Blackbourns representation strongly agrees with Moses and states that German actions going back to the 1890s had done much to create international tension. This agrees with the claim that not only was it a long term aggression but also that it was mainly international. Although a few years later, this is support by the Moroccan Crisis which saw tensions turn out between France and Germany who fought for half a dozen years over the possession of Morocco.Germany failed numerous times at claiming the country despite many aggressive attempts. Overall its clear many viewpoints believe that Germany wasnt respectively responsible for the aggressive outbreak of war in 1914 and much evidence prior to c.1900 supports this. To conclude its clear that Blackbourns main argument of an aggressive outbreak due to Germans foreign policy is the most supported response. Both Moses and Berghahns representations support this claim and argue that although Germany had many domestic problems these werent the factor which led to the outbreak of war in 1914.

Do Problems Exist In The Present U.S Electoral System Essay Example for Free

Do Problems Exist In The Present U.S electoral System EssayThe US presidential electoral system is in effect a two-stage termination system. In the first stage, the voters from every each(prenominal)ege elect a certain number of members of electoral college, who ar pledged, de facto if not de jure, to vote for a certain candidate. In the second stage, the Electoral College elects the president. Let us turn out to evaluate the process critically as briefly as possible. Under Article Two of the coupled States Constitution, as amended by the Twelfth Amendment to the united States Constitution, an Electoral College will elect the president. These electors are appointed by mechanisms chosen by each states legislature (prevailingly, by popular vote of the voters of each state). The individual(a) who receives a majority of votes for president 270 votes are needed for a majority will be the president-elect of the unify States and the individual who receives a majority of elec toral votes for vice president will be the vice president-elect of the United States. PRIMARY OR CAUCUS To start with, there were about 7 or 8 candidates for twain the Republican Party (George W.Bushs party) and the same number for the Democratic Party (Hilarys party). So right now the US is in the primary election mode. Primary elections or caucus (that is what Iowa is called) is important because they will help lapse candidates in both parties. The primarys results are by the actual popular vote (if Hilary gets 20 votes and Obama gets 25 he would win that primary). However, a serious problem arises here. There are MANY logical political viewpoints, but you can only choose between two candidates. The primaries are the real election.A viable multi-party election system would be better. Of course, there are issues, but they are workable problems. electoral COLLEGE AND THE PROBLEM When you vote for a presidential candidate you are really voting to instruct the electors from your st ate to cast their votes for the same candidate. For example, if you vote for the Republican candidate, you are really voting for an elector who will be pledged to vote for the Republican candidate. The candidate who wins the popular vote in a state wins all the pledged votes of the states electors.Critics of the Electoral College system, of which there are more than a few, point out that the system allows the chance of a candidate actually losing the nationwide popular vote, but being elected president by the electoral vote. Can that happen? Yes, and it has. AN ELABORATE PROCESS The United States is apparently unique among the areas democracies in how the political parties determine the presidential nominee. The national political parties act like the owners of a franchise (the brand) state parties and so operate within a set of national standards or guidelines.Violate those and you could lose your delegates, just solicit the Florida Democratic party (the fourth most populous st ate in the country). almost states have primaries others, caucuses. Some are open to all, regardless of party others are closed to only those voters who have officially stated a party affiliation, noted on their voter registration cards. One might argue that this is federalism at its finest. The use of voting apparatus that mimics November elections, however, muddies the (separate) waters of nomination and election.References How the US electoral system works. http//www. timesonline. co. uk/tol/news/world/us_and_americas/article3108011. ec US election issues. http//search. ft. com/ftArticle? queryText=us+election+systemaje=falseid=080101000130ct=0nclick_check=1 US political system and voting. http//usgovinfo. about. com/od/thepoliticalsystem/US_Political_System_and _Voting. htm Problems abound in the election system. http//www. washingtonpost. com/wp-dyn/articl

A play which explores the effect of relationships Essay Example for Free

A play which explores the effect of familys Essay childbed Choose a play which explores relationships in a family/ confederacy. What strengths and/or weaknesses be apparent in these relationships and what is the boilers suit effect on the family/community. A play which explores the effect of relationships in a family and community is Romeo and Juliet by William Shakespeare. The relationship betwixt Romeo and Juliet, themselves, is key to the play and this relationship also embodies the family brawl discussed in the play. Shakespeare conveys the savourrs relationship as unrivaled built upon utter trust and devotion. Yet it is ill-fated due to the ancient dispute between their families, the Montagues and the Capulets. The family aversion holds great importance and affects the lives of every citizen in the town of Verona. In the beginning of the play we are introduced to both(prenominal) the lovers. Romeo is portrayed as a depressed and melancholic person as the girl he lo ves does non love him back and Juliet as a girl who is unwilling to be married to a petitioner of her parents choice. Romeo is in love with a Capulet girl called Rosaline and in order to see her he goes, uninvited, to a Capulet ball.He catches sight of Juliet at the ball and immediately falls in love with her. much to his disappointment he finds out she is a Capulet Is she a Capulet? O dear account My life is my foemans debt. Although Romeo has fallen in love with Juliet he knows it is not that simple in Verona. He realises that because they are from rival families their relationship would never be permitted. From the very beginning their relationships is said to be star-crossd as their families have been mortal enemies. There is a major difference shown between Romeos love for Rosaline and his love for Juliet.When he is in love with Rosaline, Romeo is depressed. But, when he sees Juliet, it is a whole different story. He suddenly experiences true love as he had never felt with Rosaline. From the moment Romeo first sees Juliet their bond is very intense. When describing the love between Romeo and Juliet, Shakespeare often uses poetic and romantic language O she doth teach the torches to burn bright Romeo compares Juliet to a wax lights light and says that she is incredibly beautiful. Shakespeares use of this love at first sight scenario emphasises that the preteen lovers have and instant and deep connection.This emphasises the strength of their devotion to each other. In the balcony scene, although Romeo and Juliet have only cognize each other for a short while, their love is very intense. Shakespeare uses various images to convey this Two of the fairest stars do entreat her eyes Juliets eyes are world compared to twinkling stars which shows how much Romeo loves her. Romeo believes Juliet to be the or so beautiful woman he has ever seen and this image conveys this. This symbolises their strong love for each other. Later on we see that Romeo is overc ome by his love for Juliet and he even risks his life to see her.When a contradict starts to form in the street Romeo makes it clear that he is not interested in fighting Tybalt, the curtilage I have to love thee Doth much excuse the appertaining rage Even though the idea of being loyal to your own family is prominent throughout the play, Romeo is willing to forget the family feud and love his enemies for Juliets sake. This is consequential as is shows their commitment to each other. They are both willing to forget a centuries old family feud that shapes their whole life in order to be committed to each other and this is clearly a strength.Even when Juliet finds out that Romeo has killed her cousin, although she is upset and distraught, she is willing to forgive him as her devotion to him is so strong. other picture which shapes Romeo and Juliets relationship is the feud. The feud is the main weakness throughout the play and it has great impact on the community in Verona. When a fight breaks out in the street it is clear where the citizens loyalties are The quarrel is between our masters and us their men In Verona, everyone is forced to take sides even the employees.It is clear from this why Romeo and Juliets relationship would be a problem as the feud has such a strong pocketbook on society that there is no way of them being together other than in secret. Another scene in which the power of the feud comes through is when everyone is discussing what must be the consequence of Romeos actions Romeo push-down stack Tybalt. Romeo must not live Lady Capulets harsh words are conveying how the feud makes everyone stand their ground and the idea of forgive and forget is not even considered.The feud is the reason for Romeo and Juliets poor relationship as their families are so hostile towards each other. The feud causes the division in their community and the separation of the two families. In the end, it is only after the death of both Romeo and Juliet, a colo ssal sacrifice, that their families reconcile and agree to live in peace. Romeo and Juliets relationship is one that is tidy yet it is evermore plagued by the feud of their families. Shakespeares use of imagery and symbolism to convey their relationship is highly powerful and only intensifies the bond between them.

The Relationship Between Ideas And The Historical Context Essay Example for Free

The alliance Between Ideas And The Historical Context EssayDuring the Qin Dynasty, the commencement of the Imperial China begun under the First emperor Qin Shi Huang in 221 BCE in which the said period, the Imperial China, continued until the Qing or Manchu Dynasty, the ruling dynasty of China. Furtherto a greater extent, in this dynasty that Legalism became the vital familiar inspiration that wraps up in the confederacy of China. According to the history, Pinyin Shang Yang, a Chinese statesman and thinker, generated the idea of Legalism in China in order to unify and reorganized the Chinese empire. He supposed that having a very authoritative and influential power would maintain the integrity of the country. Shang Yang made a body of Legalism writings, which was instantly known as The Book of Lord Shang and this passed through the whole nation strengthening the Legalism policy that accentuated on the sectors of agriculture, war, rewards and chastisements and in dwindling th e people in order to reinforce the government that time. (Encyclopaedia Britannica, 2007) Legalism its ApplicationLegalism is the application of philosophical ideologies and political beliefs in governing the people in China. Many people supposed legalism as a demonic movement in the Chinese history, however, the practice of legalism left a major impact in the nature of Chinese government. According to the thoughts of Confucius, humanity or jen, a key term, caused to be goodness, gentle or love. Confucius believed that this humanity is very necessary for a man to continue for so dogged the multiplicity and take pleasure in the riches of the world (de Bary, et al, p11).On the other hand, it is assumed by Hsun Tzu that the goodness of ones person is acquired and the man in evil in nature (de Bary, et al, p20), the get reverse of Confucius thought that man is basically good in nature. Han Fei Tzu, a student of Hsun Tzu began his perceptions from his masters point of view but modifi ed that with the laws of state, goodness in the people can be determined. Thus, make-up of the rewards and punishment is strongly given the focus to recompense those people that offered advantages to the state and to penalize those who violated the blueprints.As stated by Han Fei, this law should be superlative even that of the power of the emperor to direct several(prenominal) self-interests. Here with, the written laws alone were enough to preside over the whole state. This practice of Legalism dominated the empurpled power of Qin Dynasty that gave birth to totalitarianism in which the creation of the famous Great Wall of China was attributed to the big labor of the people in accordance to the law of the Legalists. Unity, commitment to the states and absolutism were the common words in the said era. (Hooker, 1996)Conversely, Confucius answered one man who questioned him about the killings of those acting outside the law that as one confide the good, people will follow like t he wind. He even compared those outlaws to a weed that when being forced, the more they bend to the laws. (de Barry, et al, p13) As it was, the native people began repulsive to the way the government was regulated and policies being implemented, hence led to the collapse of the Qin Dynasty. This period in the Chinese history was marked distasteful and obnoxious to the Chinese populace.Nonetheless, the way of the Legalist in ruling ones state was overpoweringly influential to the succeeding administrations. Utilitarianism, rule of law and uniform standardization of the law and culture were some of the ideas of Legalism that were adopted in the Han Dynasty, the successor of the Qin Dynasty. These equal ideas tended to standardize and to have a centralized government in merging the rival schools of thought into maven system that gave birth to the Han Synthesis.Referencehttp//www.britannica.com/eb/article-9067124/Shang-Yang

Ruby Tuesday’s Code of Conduct Essay Example for Free

ruddy Tuesdays Code of Conduct EssayFor each business due to the military man aspect of ethics and the connection to business success corporate leaders take different stairs to establish a rule of conduct not wholly for employees but directors and incumbents of a major caller-up. The code of conduct has different key aras that have significant importance to the business. Ruby Tuesday has specific guidelines that they set for their employees. Preventing agony and discrimination including race, color, religion, gender, age, sexual orientation, national origin, disability, veteran or marital status, and rudeness towards guests or vendors could result to disciplinary actions including the termination of employment. Having this in the insurance policy shows that the company does care for the rights and respect given to the people that are away of their company. It provides employees to feel they are given fair treatment. Another key area is inside trading. It is against po licy for an employee, officer, or director to profit from material that is nonpublic.Material can take unannounced sales or view of sales, unannounced changes in earnings estimates or actual earnings, and changes in management. Any employee, director, or officer keep back any information may not buy or sell any securities or exploit any options to buy securities until 48 hours after material information has been released publicly. With this being included in the policy it is important to establish trust between an employee and the employer. It shows significance to the business that they are all ab out(a) honesty. They simulatet allow information to be leaked early. If a sale was being given at a specific time well it wouldnt be fair if anybody knew a couple days originally or a week before. Employees should prevent the payment of bribes or kickbacks. They are unable to offer, give, solicit, receive, or net any bribe or kickback. Its unacceptable to accept im congruous induce ment payment or gift in connection with Ruby Tuesday.The significanceof preventing the payment of bribes is to not cheat the business out of its sale. If a customer was purchasing something for salutary price but did not want to pay full price, instead the customer bribed the employee with a really good gift or payment. It would be cheating the company out of its profit for that specific merchandise. Employees are able to eliminate hazards from the workplace and provide a natural rubber and salutary work environment. They are told to dispose of any hazardous material and toxins. Establishing a safe and healthy work area is very important in a business. Not everybody can be cheerful with working around something that isnt safe to them physically or health wise. It is important that not only employees are safe but customers are as well. There are antitrust laws in business. Employees are never allowed to discuss or make agreements with competitors. These type of discussions can in clude past, present, or future price, pricing policies, bids, discounts, promotions or similar items or conditions regarding sales.Trust is important in business you have to know whether or not your employees can be trusted with top secret information. You wouldnt want your competition a couple steps ahead of you and knowing all your plans and tactics. Also included in the policy is the proper use of assets. The theft, misuse or waste of any property or services by an employee, officer or director can result in disciplinary actions including termination of your employment. It also can include possible civil and criminal penalties. The proper way of handling property and services are important. If you didnt follow the safety guidelines of equipment things could go wrong. You could end up damaging the property or getting bear from not using it properly. Companies take steps to ensure that the policy and guidelines are being followed properly.The board of Ruby Tuesday oversees, advise s and monitors the performance of the management team. They do this by having frequent meetings discussing the management and the release of the companys every quarter earnings. The directors are expected to spend time to review and understand the materials being distributed to them in advance of meetings of the bestride and of the committees on which they serve. Three ways Ruby Tuesday can engage in socially responsive activities inside the community is creating a webpage on a social network. They could also have surveys given out to each customer that walks in. And last but not least a fund sustainr they can do to help raise money for either their company benefit or communitysbenefit.

Culture Assessment Essay Example for Free

acculturation Assessment EssayA widely accepted definition of arrangemental refinement is it is the shared meanings, artifacts, values, beliefs, norms, and assumptions that inflict how an organic law causes and its existence (Cameron Quinn, 2006). Organization tillage is shaped by more than one constituent say individuals life experiences, background, education levels and so fourth. Undoubtedly, leadership also plays a critical role in defining what destination prevails in the organization and their actions have a major influence on how the moderation of the organization follows suit. (Robbins et al, 2000) Additionally organization culture defines the strategies that a firm uses in handling things like competition, conveyth, election charge and the like. (Goffee Jones, 1996) A good assessment of the cultural orientation of a firm makes it likelier to promote interorganisational net conk out and also implement changes that encourage member participation and producti vity. The key indicators of organizational culture include organization structure, power and managerial styles, ways in which members of the organization interact and do their jobs among others.This paper take holds a locution at FedEx Corporation and gives a summary of the type of organization culture at FedEx, its benefits, hindrances as wellhead as the recommendations of the company. Company all overview FedEx Corporation is a large company headquartered in the US that deals in printing, messenger services and logistics as well as cargo airline services. This company has been named one of the perish 10 most admirable companies by Fortune magazine two years in a row. Since its fellowshipableness in 1971 it has grown from humble beginnings a leader in air courier industry.Its brands include the FedEx radix delivery, FedEx smart post and FedEx freight east and west, FedEx services among others. Its chief competitors are DHL, TNT, UPS, BAX Global and USPS. The company employ s over 250,000 workers and has a net income of approximately 1. 8 billion dollars in 2006. Culture assessment The organization culture at FedEx blends various kinds of organization culture but perhaps the most predominant culture is tractability discretion and dynamism. This has been its major strategy of staying ahead.To support this, FedEx takes pride in their ability to adapt to change so as to enhance effectiveness and competitiveness. (Cameron Quinn, 2006, p. 34) This it achieves by combining intention, knowledge share-out, high experience and team work in its key strategies to attaining competitive advantage. A good illustration of FedEx external focus is evident in the numerous deliveries of relief supplies that FedEx made to hurricane Katrina victims for free in 2005, earning it more clients and goodwill. Adhocracy orientation at FedEx is fostered at top level management down to the junior staff.The CEO of FedEx encourages employees to be trend setters and nonconformist a nd dare to take calculated risk. The management encourages employees to be all ears on current events and look for opportunities. The guiding philosophy is that an innovation failed is better than a thousand years lost in risk averse dealings. Innovation at FedEx is held with high regard and employees are rewarded handsome(a)ly for developing fresh ideas. The management supports viable projects from employees financially or otherwise. This is one reason why FedEx distinguishes itself as an evergreen company in the air courier industry.This culture is underscored when creative attempts that fail are rewarded as well as the successful innovations. The familiar slogan absolutely, positively gets it there overnight is made real by the culture ingrained in the employees towards importance of guest service, efficiency at work, speed and accurate scheduling. This culture leverages FedEx for competitive advantage. Basically, the FedEx corporate culture emphasizes urgency, speed and teamwor k, transcendent customers expectations, first, flexibility and active listening (OReilly, Tushman Michael, 1997)Aside from the flexible nature at FedEx, it also adopts an outwardly and natural approach to the environment that it operates. Competitiveness fosters the company to always look for opportunities to expand and grow. While the opposite of this culture is to foster integration and unity within the organization as well as knowledge some elements of this culture are also hand at FedEx. This is because FedEx emphasizes high skills among employees. Employees at FedEx are highly knowledgeable individuals as the company only picks the best of the best.Working ones way up the corporate ladder requires that ones knowledge base also increases. In addition, the internal focus of FedEx organizational culture provides an appropriate environment that enables employees to grow and exercise their skills as seen in the various training and task assignments delegated to employees. In order for knowledge sharing to be maximized then division of labor, job enrichment, team building and so forth have to be conducted regularly (Murray, Poole Jones, 2005) some aspects of these are present at FedEx.FedEx corporate culture values hard work and rewards such appropriately. It also disregards discriminations and fosters equal opportunities for its employees in areas of promotion, transfer and recruitment. The hands off team oriented management style promote progressive and diversified work culture. Communication is a key strength for FedEx organization culture and regular surveys on employees views on the job are taken to manage and modify areas of ordinary discontent. Notably, the employees at FedEx are highly experienced and skilled individuals.The culture therefore is based on let employees be free agents who direct their jobs in their own direction. The management ensures that employees are proactive and take initiative to learn from mistakes of others. The employe es are not reprimanded or penalized for slip-ups rather management takes the blunder as an opportunity to memorise the rest. Most of the tasks done at FedEx are assigned to teams which are given sufficient power and function to fulfill their responsibilities and be accountable for the results. Seemingly this is the reason behind the great success of FedEx.The benefit of the cultures present at FedEx is that the company is maintains its competitiveness amid intense competition from the competitors. Additionally, it deals with fewer conflicts, fewer staff turnover and enjoys increase in employees job satisfaction, higher performance less resistance to change, higher productivity and better customer service and so forth. The hindrances of this kind of organization culture are that it requires major investment in period and money. The management needs to be patient with employee mistakes which are most times costly.Additionally it is difficult to monitor this practice in the FedEx Co mpany because of the large workforce and the busy schedules that the employees have. Conclusion The organizational culture at FedEx has both benefits and detrimental aspects although many are the benefits. In the competitive faced paced industry that FedEx operates their culture take care most fitting. Perhaps the only thing that I would improve is the hierarchal structure and the communication impart for free flow of information and faster decision making throughout the organization.

Strategic management Essay Example for Free

Strategic management EssayManagement In business there are certain things that should be done and there are things that must be done if the business wants to continue. The immemorial purpose of a business is to make a profit and stay profitable. At the beginning of chapter ternion of Concepts in Strategic Management and Business Policy Achieving Sustainability, there is a story about how frequent Mills took it upon itself to clean up an area that was near to its headquarters and that had become quite a good place (Wheelen amp Hunger, p. 0,2010). General Mills spent millions of dollars tearing down old drug houses and dowery the community afford housing with grants, the question is why did they do it? General Mills certainly was not required to spend that money the way it was spent. There was not any government agency forcing them to uphold the community. It seems that General Mills helped the community because of good leave behind, it may be that the philanthropic actions that General Mills takes helps the management determine good about themselves.Whatever the reasoning for beginning to support poorer communities, it could be said that any person helped by General Mills will be a General Mills customer for a long time to come. in time telling their friends and neighbors about how General Mills help them or their community, olibanum spreading the reputation of the company. According to Milton Friedman, any company that spends money on the community is doing so under the persuasion or expectation of its shareholders.Friedman also concludes that by spending that money on the community or else than using it to cut costs or to develop new products that they musical arrangement may be doing to a greater extent than harm than good to its long-term efficiency (Wheelen amp Hunger, p. 72,2010). The arguments for these points of view make sense, by donating to the community an organization fosters goodwill with the commonwealth and can create custome r fealty. On the other hand by economic system that money and creating higher quality products at lower prices, a company an create the same loyalty from its customers. There is the argument that a person who receives assistance on a regular basis will become dependent on that assistance and expect it. It seems that morality and social responsibility do summercater a role in strategic planning if only for the reason that it is expected of large organizations. Even some small organizations donate to the community albeit on a smaller scale, Bolt and Nut turn in Co. in Ogden donates product for Eagle Scout projects two to three times a year.Whether or not the charity and donations ultimately lead to the loss of efficiency is difficult to quantify, however, it seems that the larger a company energizes the more it is expected to contribute. Monsanto is a company that has been deemed the least ethical company in the world (The 12 least(prenominal) Ethical Companies In The World Cov alences Ranking,2013). Monsanto started out as a chemical company and has transformed itself into an hoidenish giant, creating genetically Modified seeds for farmers.Monsanto has been allowed to patent it genetically modified seeds making it possible to use lawsuits to protect those patents. Monsanto representatives ache been seeking out farmers for years with threats to sue them for patent infringement. Monsanto creates seeds which are resistant to its own creation Roundup, so a farmer who purchases Monsanto seeds can safely use Roundup for weed control without harming his craw. Traditionally farmers would collect seeds from their crop for use in the coming season for the next crop.When a farmer buys from Monsanto, he will be required to sign a document stating that he will not collect the seeds for later use, kinda he must purchase new seeds from them if he wants to plant the same crop (Monsantos Harvest of Fear,2008). husbandman who have never used Monsanto seeds are not saf e, when they collect seeds from the previous crop they may unwittingly be collecting seed from Monsanto crops that have blown over from neighboring farms or that have been deposited by birds.The seeds look the same visually, the only way to tell is by lab testing, if a Monsanto mafia appendage does a little checking that can force the farmer into giving up money just to get them off his case (Monsantos Harvest of Fear,2008). It would appear that a company does not necessarily need to be ethical to be successful because General Mills and Monsanto seem to be polar opposites on the ethics scale and both are successful. However, Monsanto has a large and growing opposing force in the people whom it has wronged or who think that Monsanto needs to be stopped. If that group gets large enough it could spell the end for Monsanto.

Simon stock catholic school Essay Example for Free

Simon stock catholic groom EssayMy teacher Miss McCay has asked me to create a presentation beca give before she used a tilt chart and now she has got a computer she would equivalent to use a computer aided design. option Solutions 1. manual 2. Computer presentation softw be product. Advantages and disadvantages 1. The advantages of a manual solution are that it is a lot cheaper and you do not postulate any hardware or software to use it. As it does not indispensableness a computer to run on it does not use any electricity. The disadvantages are that when you have slay with it you cannot get rid of it.If you run out of room then you have to buy a brand-new manual solution or start to use a computer aided solution 2. The advantages of a computer aided system are that there is a lot of disk space to set up writing power points or depictings. The disadvantages are that it is more expensive to run and you have to take protracted to make. Objectives My objectives are tha t I provide use computer presentation software and in it there get out be 1. a smart simple font 2. bright color 3. many different colours 4. short news programs 5. animation between slides 6. sounds between slides Analysis Software and hardware.For this dilemma, I leave be utilize computer presentation software. The just about suitable software that I can use is Microsoft PowerPoint. I will be using PowerPoint, because it is designed for creating a power point and that is what I need to make. With this software I will be able to make action buttons, allowing the students to look at the presentation quickly, like an interactive word booklet, besides in power point I can use logos, pictures and symbols etc, a weakness of a PowerPoint is that as it is returnd onto a computer I could be deleted or not saved properly or the computer may crash and would lose all my pasture.To find search I will be using different software, such as the Internet. I will use the Internet to gathe r useful culture on networks so it will aid stratum heptad and me and networks. I will then be able to use a look at my work using a program called Spelling and grammar check so if I spell a word wrong it will change the word to the correct spelling for me. I can use a thesaurus which can put in and take out better words to make it more detailed to make more interesting for year seven.I will use my memory shake up to transfer information between my house and school, this is good because it is very simple to use and it is cushy to save and it will save me a lot of time. I would also be using a multimedia Projector. This piece of hardware is useful because it will allow me to project my presentation onto a smart circuit board the students will have an extremely large and clear view of the presentation I have do for them. When I have made my presentation, my user, Miss McKay will be able to show my presentation to year seven using this piece of hardware. other piece of hardware I will be using is a printer. A printer will be useful to print out pictures of the screen, which will help year seven to understand networks. I would keep one print out for the final replicate of my presentation, so I will have a hard copy of the answer to the problem at hand. Inputs For this part of the coursework I will be putting useful information such as textbook to explain what is happening in the area around the text that I have wrote. Beside the text I will put in graphics/ pictures of relevant pictures to go with the text, so it will be easy for my target audience (year seven).Thought out the presentation I will be using the aforementioned(prenominal) font so my target audience will get use to the same font. Also in the presentation I will be using the same font size. All the writing I do I will be using a keyboard as the input for the txt in my presentation. Another input I will use is the Internet, which I can use for gathering information and picture to make my Powe rPoint more interesting for year seven. So good websites that I can use are www. bbc. co. uk/bitesize The screenshot on the page before is of the GCSE bite size revision website, from the BBC.It shows where I will obtain most of my information from, to put into my networks presentation. This website provides me with detailed information and well-drawn diagrams. This website provides me with detailed information and well-drawn diagrams. This web site is where I will be getting most of my information. However, I will need to move it into Word, and then redraft the writing so it will be easy for year seven users so they can understand the information that I have given them. This site is where I will be getting all my information.However, I will need to import the pictures or screenshots into word, my year seven users can easily understand the information they are being given. Graphics/pictures and either copy and paste them into my presentation, or import them. Because the Internet is so vast, I will be able to find the right graphics for any of my pages. I will also find useful graphics/pictures from clip art I will use also information that I have gathers from pervious years where I have been learning information that I need to use now. The graphics/pictures will be imported from a range of sources. The first source that I will use is the Internet.

Great Recession Essay Example for Free

Great Recession EssayOur 2007-2008 financial crisis is cursed on cheap owe credit, including lax underwriting process and government policies. In 2003, the government passed the American envisage Development Act, which provided financing to low-income families. Trying to help lower middle class families, the policy led to mortgage sub blossom mortgages. Financing to families with low credit rating at high interest grade. Since a large art object of the population is middle to lower class, an exhaustible demand for new homes was created.As a result, creating a undulate in home price. Some of these mortgages include Interest only ( periodic payment pays nothing to the principal, thus never decreasing the principal amount financed), and Adjustable Rate Mortgage, which consists of lowering or increasing rates both year depending on market interest rate. This type of mortgage can be beneficial in seasons like this but back in 2006, when interest rates were so high, many mortg ages monthly payments increase more than 10% in just one month.As Interest rates increased, subprime mortgages started to inadvertence exponentially since new homebuyers were unable to meet the monthly payments. This led to the collapse of home prices. This period of time is called the Great recession. The increase in subprime defaults shrivel ups aggregate income and increases aggregate home prices, which in turn increases the level of prime defaults in the economy. This is called the subprime contagion. How did the government react?The government used fiscal policy to stabilize interest rates, reduce unemployment and increase GDP, they issued a platform of Easy Credit, letting subprime borrow at a prime borrower spread. Also, they gave a Tax Rebate in 2008 of $8,000 for First time homebuyers, and for those in default they issued the Distress Relief program of HAMP (Home Affordable Modification Program). On the other hand, the Fed used monetary policy to reduce the scotch crise s and spur investments and consumption. They reduce the rate at discount window, increase money supply to reduce rates and they purchase mortgage-backed securities.Using Monetary Policy in a recession is more effective because it acts red-hot than fiscal policy. Fiscal policy has go through a various committees and has to be voted on to be made into law. As a conclusion, there is a contagion effect od subprime default receivable to the negative impact of subprime defaults on aggregate income, and monetary policy is the most effective when dealing with a recession. Monetary policy increases home aggregate prices in contrast to alternative government fiscal policies intentional to loosen mortgage credit.

Industrial Relations vs. Worker Safety and Health

Industrial dealing vs. Worker Safety and wellnessIndustrial dealings vs. Workers Safety and Health aspectsA). The Past and The Present Links Between Industrial Relations And Safety And HealthIntroductionIndustrial dealing or better still mesh relations together with asylum and wellness aspects of any organizations are vital elements in the relationship between the employee and the employer. In simple terms, industrial relations refer to the relationship between employees and the employers. It is a multidimensional field which looks into the employment relationship between the employers and the employees as its a cutting edge focusing on the of only if term changing nature, forms and regulations of the employment relationship. The main objective of this paper is to look into the past and links between precaution and wellness practices in spite of appearance an organization and the industrial relations, in addition to the importance for safety and health practitioners (Mon appa, 1990).Since time immemorial, wholly told employers concur a duty of care to their employees, and in hand the inception of the occupational health and safety (OHS) concept which became paramount in employments. Moreover, a safe works place between the employees and the employer involves to a greater extent than the physical environment. Harassment and bullying, discrimination and equal opportunity are as well important topics and come to equally to employee welfare as do, the more obvious physical hazards in the workplace. The main aim of Occupational health within an organization is the maintenance and promotion of the highest degree of physical, mental, and social well-being of workers in all occupations within an organization. In addition, it also helps in the prevention of workers leaving work due to health caused cases in their working conditions (Edwards, 2003).Links between industrial relations and safety and healthThe term industrial reactions fool a broad and als o narrow outlook. In the past, the term industrial relations were broadly delimit in order to include the relationships and interactions between the employees and the employer. From this perspective, industrial relation the aspect of industrial relations entailed all the aspects of employment relationships, such as human imagination focussing, employee relations, and union- instruction (or masking) relations. Over the time the issues that were once under the umbrella of the industrial relations. However, the definition of the term has seen changes, becoming more specific and restricted. It is the gradual changes of industrial relations that have seen the connections between its and the health and safety measures within an organization continue to exist (Blanpain Baker, 2010).Consequently, industrial relations pertains to the study and practice of combined negotiations, trade unionism, and labor-management relations, while on the other hand human resource management is a disconn ect, largely distinct field that deals with non-union employment relationships and the personnel practices and policies of employers. In addition, it also entails the management of differences/ impinge between employers, workers, and trade unions whenever it arises. Evidently, the nature of industrial relations is shifting, and the impetus for the same being provided by the changing scenarios. However, the main connection remains as the enhancement of the worker-employer relationship whereby one of the aspects is the provision of health and safety measures to the employees (Venkataramana, 2007).It is evident that, the environment in which employers-employees and trade unions find themselves has changed considerably in the one ecstasy and will go on with changing over the coming times. One of the changes that is noticeable is the ongoing annihilation of workplaces and the shift in the balance from collective to individual models of employment relations. However, the functions of th e industrial relations remain as they were protecting the employer through the maintenance of a healthy relationship between all the parties involved in employment.The significance of the workplace relations over the time shows the link between the industrial relations and safety and health is there and still remains. Traditionally, employment (or industry) relations, has been associated with the management of either collective or individual conflict in the workplace. In recent years, the focus has opened out to consider the benefits of high performance working on productivity, but also the wider social implications for individuals and their dependents. The workplace provides not only the money that we need to actualise ourselves and our families, but it can also provide purpose, status, and friendship, allowing people to develop new skills, both technical and social. The might of line managers to manage employment relations on a day-to-day basis and to get the surpass from their staff has implications for innovation, productivity, quality and reliability, and ultimately levels of growth at a national level and our ability to grapple on the global stage. With so much invested in work by managers and employees individually, employment relations have never been so important (Stellman, 1998).B). Importance for Safety and Health Practitioners to Understand Industrial RelationsAs seen above, industrial relations are an important aspect in the management of organizations. There is in caper a very strong and positive business case for the safety and health practitioners to understand all the aspects of industrial relations. This would enable all the parties involved to fully understand what is needed for each one of them. In addition, it helps understand the fact that, a happy and healthy employee is a more productive employee. In turn it enables the employer understand the repercussions of disgruntled employees. The very last thing any employer would want is a group of dissatisfied employees who might scrutiny their organizations administration team as one that is concerned only about profits and not anything for workers well-being because this group will not be very industrious.Clear intelligence of industrial relations helps the management to take care of their employees for better return in terms of productivity. Moreover, liberate judgment of the industrial relations, helps in placing and maintaining of worker in a work-related setting through the adaptation and understanding of physiological and psychological capabilities of the employees. This can be summarized as the ability to manage the workforce for maximum action within an organization (House builders health safety, 2008).In addition, understanding of industrial relations helps the management to understand the fact that, injuries and ill-health that is caused by poor work circumstances can impose significant and repeatedly unrecognized monetary and legal costs to their org anizations. Not to state the implication that could be felt if the throne directors are found to have been negligent for the workers. Word also gets out and a company with a poor health and safety record will be far less appealing in a tender bid than one which is already fully compliant and has a good health and safety record. Even those companies that do not tender for work still need to protect their news report hence a good reputation can be maintained, through understanding of Industrial Relations (Wilson et all, 2003).ConclusionIndustrial relation has grown to deform of the broad aspects within organization management. The employees-employer relation has been intensify by the understanding of the aspects within the industrial relations. This in turn brought along the issues of safety and health for the employees within any given organization. Through the understanding of public relations, the employer understands the main focus of occupational health, such as (i) the maint enance and promotion of workers health and working capacity (ii) the improvement of working environment and work to become conducive to safety and health and (iii) development of work organizations and working cultures in a direction which supports health and safety at work and in doing so also promotes a positive social mode and smooth operation and may enhance productivity of the undertakings.ReferencesMonappa, A. (1990).Industrial relations. New Delhi Tata mcGraw-Hill.Edwards, P. (2003).Industrial Relations Theory and Practice. Oxford Blackwell Pub.Blanpain, R., Baker, J. (2010).Comparative labour jurisprudence and industrial relations inindustrialized market economies. Alphen aan den Rijn, The Netherlands Kluwer Law International.Venkataramana, P. (2007).Industrial relations. New Delhi A.P.H. Pub. Corp.Gross, J. A., Compa, L. A. (2009).Human rights in labor and employment relationsInternational and domestic perspectives. Champaign, IL Labor and Employment Relations Associati on, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.Stellman, J. M. (1998).Enclyclopaedia of occupational health and safety. Geneva InternationalLabour Office.House builders health safety. (2008). Northampton Construction Industry Publications.Labour inspection general survey of the reports concerning the Labour Inspection Convention, 1947 (NO. 81) third item on the agenda information and reports on the application of conventions and recommendations. (2006). Geneva Internat. Labour Office.Wilson, L., McCutcheon, D., Buchanan, M., University of Alberta. (2003).Industrial safetyand risk management. Edmonton University of Alberta Press.